Swimming can be considered a universal sport. Seniors, overweight people, pregnant women, people suffering from chronic back pain … everyone, or almost everyone can swim. Buoyed by water, the body is lighter, thus facilitating the movement and relieving the joints. At the same time, resistance to water makes the muscles work harder. 
For asthma, it is common practice to advise (saturation in water vapor and increased lung capacity by the demands of respiratory muscles responsible for the development of the rib cage).
Swimming is beneficial for muscles training thighs, legs, back, shoulders, arms, abdominals. It can also help you stay fit and it has beneficial effects on the heart activity and resistance, cardiac training, recovery, blood pressure, cholesterol control. It also provides improved pulmonary activity and respiration, it has positive effects on weight control, and it is extremely relaxing.
The disadvantages of swimming are that not everybody can take it up. Apart from the usual affections that forbid taking up a sport (heart disease, lung or kidney affections), swimming is also forbidden in case of epilepsy, otitis, sinusitis.
As far as accidents and other insignificant problems are concerned, we can say that the bronchi may be irritated, in time, by chlorine fumes and there can be problems with skin fungus, plantar wart, or dry skin. Tendinitis at the level of the shoulder or the knee can be a problem, as well as back pain, due to bad swimming techniques, especially in the breaststroke and butterfly style.
Exposed to chlorinated water, ears and sinuses can become a location of infections or inflammations.
In order to avoid unpleasant situations several precautions are required. Use a good technique and correct gestures to avoid accidents. Take a shower before and after swimming in order to prevent fungal infections. Wear sandals in the locker room to reduce the risk of plantar warts or fungus and wear goggles to protect your eyes. Wear a rubber cap, for reasons of hygiene. It can also protect your hair. Get into the water gradually, especially if it is cold, therefore get your neck wet first, then your shoulders. You have to know your limits and respect them, which means that you must stop when you are tired.
Because of the principle of Archimedes, swimming is practiced in a state of near-weightlessness so our bones and joints are unloaded with weight. It can therefore be practiced by people with back problems or joint problems. Swimming is often used for the rehabilitation for land sports, in case of injury of the upper or lower limbs. It is also used as a relaxing activity after athletics or a team sport for example.
There is no age limit; there are even "baby swimmers." In fact, the ideal age to learn to swim is around 6 or 7 years. Before, you learn essentially to float. Once they can swim, children can start swimming competitions. There is no upper age limit. On the contrary, for older people, swimming is an advisable sport, since it preserves the joints and can be adapted to the rhythm of each person.
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